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New search Medicine profile Ambroxol 15mg/Guaiphenesin 50mg/Terbutaline 1.25mg/Menthol 2.5mg

Clinical medicine profile

Ambroxol 15mg/Guaiphenesin 50mg/Terbutaline 1.25mg/Menthol 2.5mg

Beta-2 adrenergic agonist (bronchodilator)

POM
Evidence state Source-linked Review date not recorded
Route
INHALATION / ORAL / NEB / IV (rare)
Schedule
POM
ATC
Not assigned
PPB status
registered
Patient advice Check interactions
01 Risk first

Safety essentials

The information most likely to change a prescribing or dispensing decision.

Contraindications

  • [From component Terbutaline 1.25mg/Bromhexine 4mg/Ammonium Chloride 50mg/Menthol 0.75mg/5mL] CONTRAINDICATIONS 1.
  • Tocolysis Oral terbutaline sulfate has not been approved and should not be used for acute or maintenance tocolysis. [see Boxed Warning: Tocolysis . ] 2.
  • Hypersensitivity Terbutaline sulfate is contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to sympathomimetic amines or any component of this drug product.

Precautions

  • [From component Terbutaline 1.25mg/Bromhexine 4mg/Ammonium Chloride 50mg/Menthol 0.75mg/5mL] WARNINGS Deterioration of Asthma Asthma may deteriorate acutely over a period of hours or chronically over several days or longer.
  • If the patient needs more doses of terbutaline sulfate than usual, this may be a marker of destabilization of asthma and requires reevaluation of the patient and the treatment regimen, giving special consideration to the possible need for anti-inflammatory treatment, e.g., corticosteroids.
  • Use of Anti-Inflammatory Agents The use of beta-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators alone may not be adequate to control asthma in many patients.
  • Early consideration should be given to adding anti-inflammatory agents, e.g., corticosteroids.
  • Cardiovascular Effects Terbutaline sulfate, like all other beta-adrenergic agonists, can produce a clinically significant cardiovascular effect in some patients as measured by pulse rate, blood pressure, and/or symptoms.
  • Although such effects are uncommon after administration of terbutaline sulfate at recommended doses, if they occur, the drug may need to be discontinued.
  • In addition, beta-agonists have been reported to produce electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, such as flattening of the T wave, prolongation of the QTc interval, and ST segment depression.
  • The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.
  • Therefore, terbutaline sulfate, like all sympathomimetic amines, should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders, especially coronary insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension.
  • Seizures There have been rare reports of seizures in patients receiving terbutaline
  • seizures did not recur in these patients after the drug was discontinued.
02 Point of care

Dosing matrix

Population and organ-function guidance, shown together for faster comparison.

Adult

Adults: 10-20 mL TID. Children (6-12 years). 10 mL TID. Children (under 6 years). 5-10 mL TID

Paediatric

See label paediatric section if present; otherwise use paediatric formulary — do not extrapolate adult doses.

Renal

Low for inhaled; monitor electrolytes if continuous nebs.

  • CrCl 0–120: Confirm renal dosing in product SmPC / primary label.
Hepatic

Low clinical concern for inhaled therapy.

03 Clinical use

Use, effects & interactions

Indications

  • Relief of cough associated with bronchitis, bronchial asthma, emphysema and other bronchopulmonary disorders where bronchospasm, mucus plugging, and problems of expectoration co-exist.
  • Clinical selection for Ambroxol 15mg/Guaiphenesin 50mg/Terbutaline 1.25mg/Menthol 2.5mg should follow culture results where relevant, Kenya STG/EML recommendations, and the current product SmPC.
  • Class context: Beta-2 adrenergic agonist (bronchodilator).
  • Confirm site-specific dose, duration and monitoring before prescribing.

Adverse effects

  • [From component Terbutaline 1.25mg/Bromhexine 4mg/Ammonium Chloride 50mg/Menthol 0.75mg/5mL] ADVERSE REACTIONS Adverse reactions observed with terbutaline sulfate are similar to those commonly seen with other sympathomimetic amines.
  • All of these reactions are generally transient in nature and usually do not require treatment.
  • The frequency of these side effects appears to diminish with continued therapy.
  • The following table lists the adverse reactions seen in 199 patients treated with terbutaline sulfate tablets during six double-blind crossover studies and four double-blind parallel studies (short- and long-term) performed in the United States.
  • Percent Incidence of Adverse Reactions (Total Daily Dosage Range 5 to 15 mg) Terbutaline N=199 Reaction % Nervous System Nervousness 35.0 Tremor 15.0 Somnolence 5.5 Dizziness 3.5 Anxiety 1.0 Insomnia 1.5 Cardiovascular Palpitations 5.0 Tachycardia 3.5 Extrasystoles ventricular 1.5 Vasodilations 1.0 Digestive Nausea 3.0 Dry mouth 1.5 Body as a Whole Headache 7.5 Asthenia 2.0 Skin and Appendages Sweating 1.0 The following adverse effects each occurred in fewer than 1% of patients: hallucinations, rash, paresthesia, hypertonia, (muscle cramps), vomiting.
  • There have been rare reports of elevations in liver enzymes and of hypersensitivity vasculitis.
  • Fixed-dose/multi-ingredient product.
  • Clinical details partially inherited from component monographs: Terbutaline 1.25mg/Bromhexine 4mg/Ammonium Chloride 50mg/Menthol 0.75mg/5mL.
  • Confirm combination SmPC for exact dosing.
04 Pharmacology

Mechanism & disposition

Stimulate airway smooth muscle beta-2 receptors, increasing cAMP and causing bronchodilation.

Stimulate β2 receptors↑ cAMPBronchodilation
Read complete mechanism

Stimulate airway smooth muscle beta-2 receptors, increasing cAMP and causing bronchodilation. Also improve mucociliary clearance and may stabilise mast cells. SABA for rescue; LABA for maintenance with ICS.

Onset

Minutes (SABA)

Duration

3–6 h SABA; 12 h LABA

Route

INHALATION / ORAL / NEB / IV (rare)

Absorption

causes tremor/tachycardia. Hepatic

Metabolism

of many agents. [Terbutaline] CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY In vitro and in vivo pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that terbutaline exerts a preferential effect on beta 2 -adrenergic receptors. While it is recognized that beta 2 -adrenergic receptors are the predominant receptors i...

Elimination

half-life of terbutaline was approximately 3.4 hours. In comparison to oral dosing, subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mg of terbutaline sulfate to 17 healthy, adult, male subjects resulted in a mean (SD) peak plasma terbutaline concentration of 9.6 (3.6) ng/mL, which was observe...

Half-life

of terbutaline was approximately 3.4 hours. In comparison to oral dosing, subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mg of terbutaline sulfate to 17 healthy, adult, male subjects resulted in a mean (SD) peak plasma terbutaline concentration of 9.6 (3.6) ng/mL, which was observed at a med...

05 Special populations

Pregnancy, lactation & diet

Pregnancy

[From component Terbutaline 1.25mg/Bromhexine 4mg/Ammonium Chloride 50mg/Menthol 0.75mg/5mL] Pregnancy Teratogenic Effects Pregnancy Category C There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of terbutaline sulfate in pregnant women. Published animal studies show that rat offspring exhibit alterations in behavior and brain development, including decreased cellular proliferation and differentiation when dams were treated subcutaneously with terbutaline during the late stage of pregnancy and lactation period. Terbutaline exposures in rat dams were approximately 6.5 times the common human dose in adults of 15 mg/day, on a mg/m 2 basis. Oral terbutaline sulfate has not been approved and should not be used for acute or maintenance tocolysis. In particular, terbutaline sulfate should not be used for tocolysis in the outpatient or home setting. Serious adverse reactions, including death, have been reported after administration of terbutaline sulfate to pregnant women. In the mother, these adverse reactions include increased heart rate, transient hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema and myocardial ischemia. Increased fetal heart rate and neonatal hypoglycemia may occur as a result of maternal administration. [See Boxed Warning: Tocolysis and Contraindications, Tocolysis . ] In animal embryofetal developmental studies, no teratogenic effects were observed in offspring when pregnant rats and rabbits received terbutaline sulfate at oral doses up to 50 mg/kg/day, approximately 32 and 65 times, respectively, the maximum recommended daily oral dose for adults, on a mg/m 2 basis. Terbutaline sulfate should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Lactation

[From component Terbutaline 1.25mg/Bromhexine 4mg/Ammonium Chloride 50mg/Menthol 0.75mg/5mL] Nursing Mothers It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Therefore, terbutaline sulfate should be used during nursing only if the potential benefit justifies the possible risk to the newborn.

06 Kenya market

Brands & loaded prices

From
Median
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No reviewed brand listings are linked yet.
07 Provenance

Sources & review state

Primary sourceLocal active-ingredient clinical extract; PubChem; Component monographs (multi-source pipeline); Professional class pharmacology (Beta-2 adrenergic agonist (bronchodilator))
Last reviewedNot recorded
EvidenceSource-linked
Open source document ↗

Decision support only. Confirm patient-specific decisions against the current product SmPC, Kenya STG/EML, and professional judgement.