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New search Medicine profile Phenobarbitone

Clinical medicine profile

Phenobarbitone

Therapeutic agent (verify pharmacological class)

POM
Evidence state General guidance Reviewed 14 Aug 2026
Route
See product SmPC
Schedule
POM
ATC
Not assigned
PPB status
registered
Patient advice Check interactions
Verification required

This profile needs source confirmation

Some sections contain general class guidance rather than medicine-specific evidence. Confirm prescribing decisions against the current SmPC and Kenya STG/EML.

01 Risk first

Safety essentials

The information most likely to change a prescribing or dispensing decision.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to the active substance or excipients.
  • Additional absolute contraindications are indication- and product-specific — consult SmPC.

Precautions

  • hyperthyroidism
  • diabetes mellitus
  • severe anaemia
  • perform periodic laboratory evaluation of organ systems
  • including hepatic, renal, and haemapoetic systems
02 Point of care

Dosing matrix

Population and organ-function guidance, shown together for faster comparison.

Adult

By mouth 60-180mg at night. Child: 5-8mg/kg daily. By 1.V or I.M. 50-200mg repeated after 6 hours when required [max, 600mg daily]. Status epilepticus: 1.V at rate lower than 100mg/min [max. 15mg/kg].All forms of epilepsy except typical absence seizures. By mouth or by I.V injection, neonate, initially 20 mg/kg by slow intravenous injection then 2.55 mg/kg once daily either by slow intravenous injection or by mouth; dose and frequency adjusted according to response. By mouth, Child 1 month12 years initially 11.5 mg/kg twice daily, increased by 2 mg/kg daily as required; usual maintenance dose 2.54 mg/kg once or twice daily; Child 1218 years, 60180 mg once daily.

Paediatric

See label paediatric section if present; otherwise use paediatric formulary — do not extrapolate adult doses.

Renal

Review renal impairment dosing; many agents need CrCl/eGFR adjustment.

  • CrCl 0–120: Confirm renal dosing in product SmPC / primary label.
Hepatic

Review hepatic impairment dosing; monitor LFTs if agent is hepatically cleared or hepatotoxic.

03 Clinical use

Use, effects & interactions

Indications

  • All forms of epilepsies except absence seizures Clinical selection for Phenobarbitone should follow culture results where relevant, Kenya STG/EML recommendations, and the current product SmPC.
  • Class context: Therapeutic agent (verify pharmacological class).
  • Confirm site-specific dose, duration and monitoring before prescribing.

Adverse effects

  • Exfoliative dermatitis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome
  • severe respiratory depression, apnea, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, or hypoten-sion may occur with intravenous administration
  • prolonged barbiturate therapy may result in osteopenia or rickets
  • barbiturate dependence
  • drowsiness
  • mental depression
  • hyperkinesia in children
  • paradoxical excitement
  • lethargy
  • restless and confusion in elderly.
  • Professional use: confirm indication, dose, duration, monitoring and patient counselling points against current Kenya STG / EML and the product SmPC.
  • Document allergy status and key interactions.
04 Pharmacology

Mechanism & disposition

It acts as non-selective depressants CNS.

It acts as non-selective depressants CNS.Its action may be related to its ability t…
Read complete mechanism

It acts as non-selective depressants CNS. Its action may be related to its ability to enhance and /or mimic the inhibitory synaptic action of gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA].

Onset

Product-specific

Duration

Product-specific

Route

See product SmPC

Elimination

are product-specific. Consider food effects, protein binding, hepatic CYP/UGT

Half-life

when adjusting for organ impairment, age and drug interactions. Verify parameters in the current SmPC.

05 Special populations

Pregnancy, lactation & diet

Pregnancy

Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk; prefer agents with better reproductive data when alternatives exist.

Lactation

Assess infant risk vs benefit of maternal therapy; prefer agents with lactation data.

06 Kenya market

Brands & loaded prices

FromKES 226
MedianKES 226
Listings1
BrandManufacturerPackObserved price
PHENOBARBITONE DAIMA BIASHARA / Wholesale Import 30MG TABS 100*S (COSMOS) -DDA KES 225.75daima_biashara_price_list
07 Provenance

Sources & review state

Primary sourceLocal active-ingredient clinical extract; RxNorm (NLM RxNav); PubChem; Professional class pharmacology (Therapeutic agent (verify pharmacological class))
Last reviewed14 Aug 2026
EvidenceGeneral guidance
Open source document ↗

Decision support only. Confirm patient-specific decisions against the current product SmPC, Kenya STG/EML, and professional judgement.